Reconstruction of the fluence of extreme solar particle events registered in cosmogenic proxies

Koldobskiy, Sergey; Mekhaldi, Florian ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8323-2955; Kovaltsov, Gennady; Usoskin, Ilya. 2024 Reconstruction of the fluence of extreme solar particle events registered in cosmogenic proxies. Proceedings of Science, 444, 1324. 8, pp. 10.22323/1.444.1324

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Official URL: https://pos.sissa.it/444/1324/

Abstract/Summary

Extreme solar particle events (ESPEs) are infrequent yet highly potent manifestations of solar activity. These events result in the production of significant amounts of cosmogenic isotopes(CIs): 10Be, 36Cl, and 14C, which are subsequently deposited in natural stratified archives. Analyzing CI measurements from these archives allows us to assess the particle fluxes during ESPEs. In this study, we introduce a novel approach to reconstruct ESPE fluence (integral flux) by using recent modelling advancements. This method enables the integration of diverse CI data within a single comprehensive model. Within the new approach, ESPE fluence is represented as an ensemble of scaled fluence reconstructions for ground-level enhancement (GLE) events, detected by the neutron monitor network since 1956 and coupled with satellite and ionospheric measurements. The reconstructed ESPE fluences exhibit a softer spectral shape compared to previous estimates, leading to significantly higher estimates of the low-energy (E <100 MeV) fluence. Consequently, ESPEs pose an even greater risk to modern technological systems than previously believed. To facilitate broader applications, the reconstructed ESPE fluences are fitted using a modified Band function which simplifies the utilization of the obtained results in various practical contexts.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.22323/1.444.1324
ISSN:	18248039
Date made live:	23 Dec 2024 12:17 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/538597

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

10.22323/1.444.1324

ISSN:

18248039

Date made live:

23 Dec 2024 12:17 +0 (UTC)

URI:

https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/538597