Exceptional atmospheric conditions in June 2023 generated a northwest European marine heatwave which contributed to breaking land temperature records

Berthou, Ségolène; Renshaw, Richard; Smyth, Tim; Tinker, Jonathan; Grist, Jeremy P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1068-9211; Wihsgott, Juliane Uta; Jones, Sam; Inall, Mark; Nolan, Glenn; Berx, Barbara; Arnold, Alex; Blunn, Lewis P.; Castillo, Juan Manuel; Cotterill, Daniel; Daly, Eoghan; Dow, Gareth; Gómez, Breogán; Fraser-Leonhardt, Vivian; Hirschi, Joel J.-M.; Lewis, Huw W.; Mahmood, Sana; Worsfold, Mark. 2024 Exceptional atmospheric conditions in June 2023 generated a northwest European marine heatwave which contributed to breaking land temperature records. Communications Earth & Environment, 5 (1). 10.1038/s43247-024-01413-8

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01413-8

Abstract/Summary

The Northwest European shelf experienced unprecedented surface temperature anomalies in June 2023 (anomalies up to 5 °C locally, north of Ireland). Here, we show the shelf average underwent its longest recorded category II marine heatwave (16 days). With state-of-the-art observation and modelling capabilities, we show the marine heatwave developed quickly due to strong atmospheric forcing (high level of sunshine, weak winds, tropical air) and weak wave activity under anticyclonic weather regimes. Once formed, this shallow marine heatwave fed back on the weather: over the sea it reduced cloud cover and over land it contributed to breaking June mean temperature records and to enhanced convective rainfall through stronger, warmer and moister sea breezes. This marine heatwave was intensified by the last 20-year warming trend in sea surface temperatures. Such sea surface temperatures are projected to become commonplace by the middle of the century under a high greenhouse gas emission scenario.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1038/s43247-024-01413-8
ISSN:	2662-4435
NORA Subject Terms:	Atmospheric Sciences
Date made live:	25 Jun 2024 13:00 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/537630

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

10.1038/s43247-024-01413-8

ISSN:

2662-4435

NORA Subject Terms:

Atmospheric Sciences

Date made live:

25 Jun 2024 13:00 +0 (UTC)

URI:

https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/537630