Recent changes in Antarctic sea ice

Turner, John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6111-5122; Hosking, J. Scott ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-3504; Bracegirdle, Thomas J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8868-4739; Marshall, Gareth J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8887-7314; Phillips, Tony ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3058-9157. 2015 Recent changes in Antarctic sea ice. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, A, 373 (2045), 20140163. 10.1098/rsta.2014.0163

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Abstract/Summary

In contrast to the Arctic, total sea ice extent (SIE) across the Southern Ocean has increased since the late 1970s, with the annual mean increasing at a rate of 186×103 km2 per decade (1.5% per decade; p<0.01) for 1979–2013. However, this overall increase masks larger regional variations, most notably an increase (decrease) over the Ross (Amundsen–Bellingshausen) Sea. Sea ice variability results from changes in atmospheric and oceanic conditions, although the former is thought to be more significant, since there is a high correlation between anomalies in the ice concentration and the near-surface wind field. The Southern Ocean SIE trend is dominated by the increase in the Ross Sea sector, where the SIE is significantly correlated with the depth of the Amundsen Sea Low (ASL), which has deepened since 1979. The depth of the ASL is influenced by a number of external factors, including tropical sea surface temperatures, but the low also has a large locally driven intrinsic variability, suggesting that SIE in these areas is especially variable. Many of the current generation of coupled climate models have difficulty in simulating sea ice. However, output from the better-performing IPCC CMIP5 models suggests that the recent increase in Antarctic SIE may be within the bounds of intrinsic/internal variability.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1098/rsta.2014.0163
Programmes:	BAS Programmes > BAS Programmes 2015 > Atmosphere, Ice and Climate
ISSN:	1364-503X
Date made live:	16 Jun 2015 08:24 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/508988

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

10.1098/rsta.2014.0163

Programmes:

BAS Programmes > BAS Programmes 2015 > Atmosphere, Ice and Climate

ISSN:

1364-503X

Date made live:

16 Jun 2015 08:24 +0 (UTC)

URI:

https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/508988