Sequence architecture of ancient rocky shorelines and their response to sea-level change: an Early Jurassic example from South Wales, UK

The sea-cliffs of Ogmore-by-Sea in Glamorgan, South Wales, expose a succession of Early Jurassic nearshore carbonates that drape rocky palaeoplatforms. A sequence-stratigraphic interpretation allows the recognition of four retrogradationally stacked parasequences, the internal facies architecture of each of which is controlled by the bathymetry and geometry of the underlying shore platforms. Preserved facies are interpreted as representative of foreshore, shoreface and offshore environments. Supratidal facies are absent, but representative storm-terrace clast assemblages are preserved in all lithofacies as a result of the cannibalization of the backshore during periods of shoreline retreat driven by sea-level rise. Biostratigraphical calibration allows the reconstruction of sea-level history and the correlation of regionally important flooding surfaces in the Rhaetian–Sinemurian of Southern Britain with the position of the contemporary shoreline. This suggests that platform incision in South Wales occurred several million years before the onset of major deposition; superseding deposits above ancient rock shore platforms may therefore not be representative of the environment in which coastal incision took place. As one of the best examples of its kind, the rockshore at Ogmore acts as a deposystem model for ancient rocky shores worldwide.