Increasing iron concentrations in UK upland waters

Neal, C.; Lofts, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3627-851X; Evans, C. D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7052-354X; Reynolds, B.; Tipping, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6618-6512; Neal, M.. 2008 Increasing iron concentrations in UK upland waters. Aquatic Geochemistry, 14 (3). 263-288. 10.1007/s10498-008-9036-1

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Official URL: http://www.springerlink.com/content/t7039625ug454t...

Abstract/Summary

Iron distributions in rainfall, streams, soils and groundwaters are described for the Upper River Severn catchment of mid-Wales. Iron is mainly supplied from within-catchment sources with highest concentrations occurring under reducing conditions. Iron concentrations have doubled over the past 20 years (~5.0 μg yr−1 for the forest and ~3.7 μg yr−1 for the moorland). For the forested sites, the gradients are particularly high post-1993. UK rivers/lakes monitored by the UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network show similar increases. Generally, Fe correlates with dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The greatest rates of Fe increase coincide with those for DOC. Thermodynamic modelling using WHAM/Model VI indicates that Fe(III) is mainly in microparticulate form (probably oxyhydroxides) apart from under reducing conditions. It is proposed that Fe increases for surface waters are associated with increased microparticulate Fe(III) due to stabilisation against aggregation by binding of DOM to its surface. The results relate to acidification declines and deforestation leading to land disturbance and wetter conditions within the soil. There will be greater acidification reversal following tree harvesting due to lowering of atmospheric SOx scavenging and this may have resulted in the greater increase in Fe in the later years of the study.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1007/s10498-008-9036-1
Programmes:	CEH Programmes pre-2009 publications > Water > WA02 Quantifying processes that link water quality and quantity, biota and physical environment
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Shore Acreman Emmett
ISSN:	1380-6165
Additional Keywords:	Iron, River, Acidification, Colloids/nanoparticles, DOC, WHAM
NORA Subject Terms:	Ecology and Environment
Date made live:	05 Feb 2009 11:25 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/5542

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

10.1007/s10498-008-9036-1

Programmes:

CEH Programmes pre-2009 publications > Water > WA02 Quantifying processes that link water quality and quantity, biota and physical environment

UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:

Shore
Acreman
Emmett

ISSN:

1380-6165

Additional Keywords:

Iron, River, Acidification, Colloids/nanoparticles, DOC, WHAM