Sustainable water management using simulation models under water scarcity conditions and climate change scenarios in Egypt: a review

The importance of sustainable development has increased in almost every field of science. When there are no shortages and the system is able to adjust to changing water needs, water resource management is considered sustainable. The management of the water resources system is actually carried out in a completely unpredictable environment because it is difficult to predict future trends in demand, legislation, or environmental circumstances. The growing problem of finite water supplies pushes experts and scientists to handle water resources far more deftly, ensuring that major challenges are surmounted and that water resources are maintained to guarantee that demand is satisfied under any conditions. The study showed that cooperation between researchers and practitioners is necessary to optimize the few water resources and achieve the objectives of water management. This study concluded on the importance of using simulation models in the sustainable management of fresh water, as well as with new and unconventional sources of irrigation. It also emphasized the importance of using the SALTMED simulation model as one of the most important new models with high accuracy in simulating the actual conditions of experiments under Egyptian conditions.