Distribution and time budgets limit occupancy of breeding sites in the nonbreeding season in a colonial seabird

Bennett, Sophie ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7351-5051; Daunt, Francis ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4638-3388; Searle, Kate R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4624-9023; Harris, Mike P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-5830; Buckingham, Lila ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9846-2734; Duckworth, James; Dunn, Ruth E.; Wanless, Sarah ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2788-4606; Newell, Mark A.; Green, Jonathan A.. 2024 Distribution and time budgets limit occupancy of breeding sites in the nonbreeding season in a colonial seabird. Animal Behaviour. 10.1016/j.anbehav.2024.07.023

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Abstract/Summary

To acquire or retain a higher quality breeding site, individuals may occupy sites outside the breeding season, with those investing more time and energy in this benefiting from improved breeding success. However, despite this benefit, the occupancy patterns of individuals may vary. Occupancy may be influenced by the distance individuals travel from breeding sites during the nonbreeding season; individuals nearer the colony may undertake occupancy earlier and more frequently than conspecifics because of shorter commuting distances from migration and foraging locations. Occupancy may also be energetically costly and affect how individuals are able to allocate their time to other key behaviours such as foraging. However, our understanding of how occupancy behaviour relates to an individual's distribution and ability to balance time and energy allocated to other behaviours is limited. Using data from a population of common guillemots, Uria aalge, a colonially breeding seabird, on the Isle of May, U.K., we investigated how nonbreeding occupancy of breeding sites is related to at-sea distribution, and how much energy and time individuals allocate to behaviours throughout the nonbreeding season We used bird-borne geolocators and time-depth recorders to record distribution and estimate time allocated to behaviours including occupancy, flight and foraging. Individuals that remained nearer to the colony before their first return then returned earlier and had shorter bouts of absence thereafter. Individuals also experienced a trade-off in the time spent in occupancy or foraging. Our data allowed us to estimate the increase in foraging efficiency required to offset the lost foraging time in individuals that occupied breeding sites. Overall, despite its known benefits, individuals varied in their timing and pattern of occupancy. We suggest that achieving consistently high breeding success, via nonbreeding season occupancy, may depend on an individual's distribution and ability to forage efficiently throughout the nonbreeding season.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1016/j.anbehav.2024.07.023
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Biodiversity (Science Area 2017-) UKCEH Fellows
ISSN:	0003-3472
Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:	Open Access paper - full text available via Official URL link.
Additional Keywords:	biologging, common murre, energetics, geolocator, nonbreeding behaviour, time-activity budget, time depth recorder, Uria aalge
NORA Subject Terms:	Ecology and Environment
Date made live:	30 Aug 2024 13:51 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/537948

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