Josso, P.; Lusty, P.. 2023 The potential for manganese in the UK. British Geological Survey, 7pp. (Minerals for the UK's Net Zero Transition, CR/22/120N) (Unpublished)
Elemental manganese is a silver to grey metal, which only occurs in nature
as a compound with other elements (Holmes, 1994). Manganese is a ferrous
metal that has chemical properties important for desulfurizing, deoxidising, and
alloying. Accordingly, its main use globally and in the UK is in steel production,
in which it is used as a purifying agent during iron-ore refining (removing
oxygen and sulfur), and as an essential alloy that helps convert iron into steel
(Cannon et al. 2017). Increasing amounts of manganese are now used in the
emerging battery market.
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