Contrasting state-dependent effects of natural forcing on global and local climate variability

Ellerhoff, Beatrice; Kirschner, Moritz J.; Ziegler, Elisa; Holloway, Max D.; Sime, Louise ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9093-7926; Rehfeld, Kira. 2022 Contrasting state-dependent effects of natural forcing on global and local climate variability. Geophysical Research Letters, 49 (10), e2022GL098335. 12, pp. 10.1029/2022GL098335

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Official URL: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.102...

Abstract/Summary

Natural forcing from solar and volcanic activity contributes significantly to climate variability. The post-eruption cooling of strong volcanic eruptions was hypothesized to have led to millennial-scale variability during Glacials. Cooling induced by volcanic eruption is potentially weaker in the warmer climate. The underlying question is whether the climatic response to natural forcing is state-dependent. Here, we quantify the response to natural forcing under Last Glacial and Pre-Industrial conditions in an ensemble of climate model simulations. We evaluate internal and forced variability on annual to multicentennial scales. The global temperature response reveals no state dependency. Small local differences result mainly from state-dependent sea ice changes. Variability in forced simulations matches paleoclimate reconstructions significantly better than in unforced scenarios. Considering natural forcing is therefore important for model-data comparison and future projections.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1029/2022GL098335
ISSN:	0094-8276
Additional Keywords:	climate variability, climate modeling, volcanism, palaeoclimate, last glacial maximum
Date made live:	10 May 2022 15:30 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/531960

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

10.1029/2022GL098335

ISSN:

0094-8276

Additional Keywords:

climate variability, climate modeling, volcanism, palaeoclimate, last glacial maximum

Date made live:

10 May 2022 15:30 +0 (UTC)

URI:

https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/531960