Rice straw as a natural sorbent in a filter system as an approach to bioremediate diesel pollution

Taufik, Siti Hajar; Ahmad, Siti Aqlima; Zakaria, Nur Nadhirah; Shaharuddin, Noor Azmi; Azmi, Alyza Azzura; Khalid, Farah Eryssa; Merican, Faradina; Convey, Peter ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8497-9903; Zulkharnain, Azham; Khalil, Khalilah Abdul. 2021 Rice straw as a natural sorbent in a filter system as an approach to bioremediate diesel pollution [in special issue: Plant- and Microbial-Based Novel Biosorbents] Water, 13 (23), 3317. 19, pp. 10.3390/w13233317

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Abstract/Summary

Rice straw, an agricultural waste product generated in huge quantities worldwide, is utilized to remediate diesel pollution as it possesses excellent characteristics as a natural sorbent. This study aimed to optimize factors that significantly influence the sorption capacity and the efficiency of oil absorption from diesel-polluted seawater by rice straw (RS). Spectroscopic analysis by attenuated total reflectance infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy and surface morphology characterization by variable pressure scanning electron microscopy (VPSEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) were carried out in order to understand the sorbent capability. Optimization of the factors of temperature pre-treatment of RS (90, 100, 110, 120, 130 or 140 °C), time of heating (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 or 70 min), packing density (0.08, 0.10, 0.12, 0.14 or 0.16 g cm−3) and oil concentration (5, 10, 15, 20 or 25% (v/v)) was carried out using the conventional one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) approach. To eliminate any non-significant factors, a Plackett–Burman design (PBD) in the response surface methodology (RSM) was used. A central composite design (CCD) was used to identify the presence of significant interactions between factors. The quadratic model produced provided a very good fit to the data (R2 = 0.9652). The optimized conditions generated from the CCD were 120 °C, 10 min, 0.148 g cm−3 and 25% (v/v), and these conditions enhanced oil sorption capacity from 19.6 (OFAT) to 26 mL of diesel oil, a finding verified experimentally. This study provides an improved understanding of the use of a natural sorbent as an approach to remediate diesel pollution.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.3390/w13233317
ISSN:	20734441
Additional Keywords:	rice straw, sorption capacity, oil absorption efficiency, morphology, spectroscopic analysis, one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT), response surface methodology (RSM)
Date made live:	25 Nov 2021 11:25 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/531183

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