Hot plasma in the magnetotail lobes shows characteristics consistent with closed field lines trapped in the lobes

Coxon, John C.; Fear, Robert C.; Reidy, Jade A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7939-991X; Fryer, Laura J.; Plank, James. 2021 Hot plasma in the magnetotail lobes shows characteristics consistent with closed field lines trapped in the lobes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 126 (9), e2021JA029516. 15, pp. 10.1029/2021JA029516

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Abstract/Summary

We examine the magnetotail using data from the Hot Ion Analyzer on Cluster 1 during 2001–2009. We develop and utilise an algorithm in order to identify times during which Cluster 1 is in the magnetotail lobe but observes plasma which is hotter than our expectations of the lobe. We analyze the prevailing Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) Bz conditions for our algorithm and a reference algorithm (with no particle energy criteria) and find that the periods we select are, on average, ~2 nT more towards northward IMF. Examining the temperature in the magnetotail for our periods shows that the morphology of the average temperature is consistent with the Milan et al. (2005) model of magnetotail structure during Northward IMF, in which closed field lines are prevented from convecting to the dayside, causing them and the plasma trapped on them to protrude into the magnetotail lobes. We also find evidence that ~0.5% of our identified periods may be driven by direct entry into the magnetosphere from the solar wind.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1029/2021JA029516
ISSN:	2169-9402
Additional Keywords:	transpolar arcs, theta aurora, IMF BY, magnetotail, hot plasma, northward IMF
Date made live:	16 Aug 2021 08:51 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/530889

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

10.1029/2021JA029516

ISSN:

2169-9402

Additional Keywords:

transpolar arcs, theta aurora, IMF BY, magnetotail, hot plasma, northward IMF

Date made live:

16 Aug 2021 08:51 +0 (UTC)

URI:

https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/530889