The impact of nanoparticles on innate immune activation by live bacteria

Swartzwelter, Benjamin J.; Fux, Alexandra C.; Johnson, Litty; Swart, Elmer ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8269-1700; Hofer, Sabine; Hofstätter, Norbert; Geppert, Mark; Italiani, Paola; Boraschi, Diana; Duschl, Albert; Himly, Martin. 2020 The impact of nanoparticles on innate immune activation by live bacteria [in special issue: Interaction of nanomaterials with the immune system] International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21 (24), 9695. 23, pp. 10.3390/ijms21249695

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21249695

Abstract/Summary

The innate immune system evolved to detect and react against potential dangers such as bacteria, viruses, and environmental particles. The advent of modern technology has exposed innate immune cells, such as monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, to a relatively novel type of particulate matter, i.e., engineered nanoparticles. Nanoparticles are not inherently pathogenic, and yet cases have been described in which specific nanoparticle types can either induce innate/inflammatory responses or modulate the activity of activated innate cells. Many of these studies rely upon activation by agonists of toll-like receptors, such as lipopolysaccharide or peptidoglycan, instead of the more realistic stimulation by whole live organisms. In this review we examine and discuss the effects of nanoparticles on innate immune cells activated by live bacteria. We focus in particular on how nanoparticles may interfere with bacterial processes in the context of innate activation, and confine our scope to the effects due to particles themselves, rather than to molecules adsorbed on the particle surface. Finally, we examine the long-lasting consequences of coexposure to nanoparticles and bacteria, in terms of potential microbiome alterations and innate immune memory, and address nanoparticle-based vaccine strategies against bacterial infection.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.3390/ijms21249695
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Pollution (Science Area 2017-)
ISSN:	1422-0067
Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:	Open Access paper - full text available via Official URL link.
Additional Keywords:	engineered nanoparticles, innate immunity, inflammation, innate immune memory, toll-like receptors, pathogen-associated molecular patterns, lipopolysaccharide, biocorona, microbiota, nanovaccines, adjuvants
NORA Subject Terms:	Biology and Microbiology
Date made live:	13 Jan 2021 10:25 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529392

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

10.3390/ijms21249695

UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:

Pollution (Science Area 2017-)

ISSN:

1422-0067

Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:

Open Access paper - full text available via Official URL link.

Additional Keywords:

engineered nanoparticles, innate immunity, inflammation, innate immune memory, toll-like receptors, pathogen-associated molecular patterns, lipopolysaccharide, biocorona, microbiota, nanovaccines, adjuvants

NORA Subject Terms:

Biology and Microbiology

Date made live:

13 Jan 2021 10:25 +0 (UTC)

URI:

https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529392