Implementation and impacts of surface and blowing snow sources of Arctic bromine activation within WRF-Chem 4.1.1

Marelle, Louis; Thomas, Jennie L.; Ahmed, Shaddy; Tuite, Katie; Stutz, Jochen; Dommergue, Aurélien; Simpson, William R.; Frey, Markus M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0535-0416; Baladima, Foteini. 2021 Implementation and impacts of surface and blowing snow sources of Arctic bromine activation within WRF-Chem 4.1.1. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 13 (8), e2020MS002391. 21, pp. 10.1029/2020MS002391

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Abstract/Summary

Elevated concentrations of atmospheric bromine are known to cause ozone depletion in the Arctic, which is most frequently observed during springtime. We implement a detailed description of bromine and chlorine chemistry within the WRF-Chem 4.1.1 model, and two different descriptions of Arctic bromine activation: (1) heterogeneous chemistry on surface snow on sea ice, triggered by ozone deposition to snow (Toyota et al., 2011), and (2) heterogeneous reactions on sea salt aerosols emitted through the sublimation of lofted blowing snow (Yang et al., 2008). In both mechanisms, bromine activation is sustained by heterogeneous reactions on aerosols and surface snow. Simulations for spring 2012 covering the entire Arctic reproduce frequent and widespread ozone depletion events, and comparisons with observations of ozone show that these developments significantly improve model predictions during the Arctic spring. Simulations show that ozone depletion events can be initiated by both surface snow on sea ice, or by aerosols that originate from blowing snow. On a regional scale, in spring 2012, snow on sea ice dominates halogen activation and ozone depletion at the surface. During this period, blowing snow is a major source of Arctic sea salt aerosols but only triggers a few depletion events.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1029/2020MS002391
ISSN:	19422466
Additional Keywords:	Atmospheric chemistry, Arctic ozone, Snow emissions, Halogen chemistry, Aerosol chemistry
Date made live:	23 Jun 2021 08:46 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/528946

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