Mechanical Systems for Energy Storage – Scale and Environmental Issues. Pumped Hydroelectric and Compressed Air Energy Storage

This chapter introduces large-scale utility (bulk) energy storage in the form of pumped hydroelectric and compressed air energy storage. Both are mechanical energy storage technologies, converting electrical energy into potential energy, and both fall into the category of grid-scale energy management. Brief reviews and discussions relating to the general operational aspects and the legislative and environmental aspects of the two storage types are provided in the context of UK development. Both storage technologies offer the potential for better integration and penetration of renewable electricity sources and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.