Additive traits lead to feeding advantage and reproductive isolation, promoting homoploid hybrid speciation

Masello, Juan F.; Quillfeldt, Petra; Sandoval-Castellanos, Edson; Alderman, Rachael; Calderón, Luciano; Cherel, Yves; Cole, Theresa L.; Cuthbert, Richard J.; Marin, Manuel; Massaro, Melanie; Navarro, Joan; Phillips, Richard A.; Ryan, Peter G.; Shepherd, Lara D.; Suazo, Cristián G.; Weimerskirch, Henri; Moodley, Yoshan; Russo, Claudia. 2019 Additive traits lead to feeding advantage and reproductive isolation, promoting homoploid hybrid speciation. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 36 (8). 1671-1685. 10.1093/molbev/msz090

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Abstract/Summary

Speciation through homoploid hybridization (HHS) is considered extremely rare in animals. This is mainly because the establishment of reproductive isolation as a product of hybridization is uncommon. Additionally, many traits are underpinned by polygeny and/or incomplete dominance, where the hybrid phenotype is an additive blend of parental characteristics. Phenotypically intermediate hybrids are usually at a fitness disadvantage compared to parental species and tend to vanish through backcrossing with parental population(s). It is therefore unknown whether the additive nature of hybrid traits in itself could lead successfully to HHS. Using a multi-marker genetic data set and a meta-analysis of diet and morphology, we investigated a potential case of HHS in the prions (Pachyptila spp.), seabirds distinguished by their bills, prey choice and timing of breeding. Using approximate Bayesian computation, we show that the medium-billed Salvin’s prion (P. salvini) could be a hybrid between the narrow-billed Antarctic prion (P. desolata) and broad-billed prion (P. vittata). Remarkably, P. salvini’s intermediate bill width has given it a feeding advantage with respect to the other Pachyptila species, allowing it to consume a broader range of prey, potentially increasing its fitness. Available metadata showed that P. salvini is also intermediate in breeding phenology and, with no overlap in breeding times, it is effectively reproductively isolated from either parental species through allochrony. These results provide evidence for a case of HHS in nature, and show for the first time that additivity of divergent parental traits alone can lead directly to increased hybrid fitness and reproductive isolation.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1093/molbev/msz090
ISSN:	0737-4038
Additional Keywords:	homoploid hybrid speciation, additive traits, increased hybrid fitness, Procellariiformes, reproductive isolation, seabird
Date made live:	30 Apr 2019 13:32 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/523134

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