Physical oceanography work in support of aquaculture and an application of bio-physical modelling to investigate connectivity between farm management areas in Scotland

We investigate the importance of understanding the underlying physical oceanography of fjordic systems and the coastal region to support aquaculture. Tools, including observations and hydrodynamic modelling, are described and put in context of sustainably managing aquaculture. Output from hydrodynamic models, in this case the Scottish Shelf Model, can then be coupled to bio-physical models. Sea lice are used here as an example of a parasite, being represented as passive particles with only the infective stage captured for connectivity work. Outputs from this application of bio-physical modelling are analysed to evaluate connectivity between Farm Management Areas on the Scottish west coast and islands. The resulting connectivity matrices show distinct clusters of connectivity for neighbouring management areas as well as further reaching connections at lower probability, in line with the prevailing circulation. Bio-physical modelling can be a useful tool to inform policy, management, and industry with regard to disease spread and management practices.