Broadband acoustic backscatter from crude oil under laboratory-grown sea ice

Bassett, Christopher; Lavery, Andone C.; Maksym, Ted; Wilkinson, Jeremy P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7166-3042. 2016 Broadband acoustic backscatter from crude oil under laboratory-grown sea ice. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 140 (4). 2274-2287. 10.1121/1.4963876

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4963876

Abstract/Summary

In ice-covered seas, traditional air-side oil spill detection methods face practical challenges. Conversely, under-ice remote sensing techniques are increasingly viable due to improving operational capabilities of autonomous and remotely operated vehicles. To investigate the potential for under-ice detection of oil spills using active acoustics, laboratory measurements of high-frequency, broadband backscatter (75–590 kHz) from crude oil layers (0.7–8.1 cm) under and encapsulated within sea ice were performed at normal and 20° incidence angles. Discrete interfaces (water-oil, oil-ice, and ice-oil) are identifiable in observations following oil injections under the ice and during the subsequent encapsulation. A one-dimensional model for the total normal incidence backscatter from oil under ice, constrained by oil sound speed measurements from −10 °C to 20 °C and improved environmental measurements compared to previous studies, agrees well with pre-encapsulation observations. At 20° incidence angles echoes from the ice and oil under ice are more complex and spatially variable than normal incidence observations, most likely due to interface roughness and volume inhomogeneities. Encapsulated oil layers are only detected at normal incidence. The results suggest that high-frequency, broadband backscatter techniques may allow under-ice remote sensing for the detection and quantification of oil spills.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1121/1.4963876
Programmes:	BAS Programmes > BAS Programmes 2015 > Atmosphere, Ice and Climate
ISSN:	0001-4966
Date made live:	25 Oct 2016 08:14 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/514907

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

10.1121/1.4963876

Programmes:

BAS Programmes > BAS Programmes 2015 > Atmosphere, Ice and Climate

ISSN:

0001-4966

Date made live:

25 Oct 2016 08:14 +0 (UTC)

URI:

https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/514907