Urinary arsenic profiles reveal exposures to inorganic arsenic from private drinking water supplies in Cornwall, UK
Middleton, D.R.S.; Watts, M.J.; Hamilton, E.M.; Ander, E.L.; Close, R.M.; Exley, K.S.; Crabbe, H.; Leonardi, G.S.; Fletcher, T.; Polya, D.A.. 2016 Urinary arsenic profiles reveal exposures to inorganic arsenic from private drinking water supplies in Cornwall, UK. Scientific Reports, 6, 25656. 10.1038/srep25656
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Abstract/Summary
Private water supplies (PWS) in Cornwall, South West England exceeded the current WHO guidance value and UK prescribed concentration or value (PCV) for arsenic of 10 μg/L in 5% of properties surveyed (n = 497). In this follow-up study, the first of its kind in the UK, volunteers (n = 207) from 127 households who used their PWS for drinking, provided urine and drinking water samples for total As determination by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and urinary As speciation by high performance liquid chromatography ICP-MS (HPLC-ICP-MS). Arsenic concentrations exceeding 10 μg/L were found in the PWS of 10% of the volunteers. Unadjusted total urinary As concentrations were poorly correlated (Spearman’s ρ = 0.36 (P < 0.001)) with PWS As largely due to the use of spot urine samples and the dominance of arsenobetaine (AB) from seafood sources. However, the osmolality adjusted sum, U-AsIMM, of urinary inorganic As species, arsenite (AsIII) and arsenate (AsV), and their metabolites, methylarsonate (MA) and dimethylarsinate (DMA), was found to strongly correlate (Spearman’s ρ: 0.62 (P < 0.001)) with PWS As, indicating private water supplies as the dominant source of inorganic As exposure in the study population of PWS users.
Item Type: | Publication - Article |
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Digital Object Identifier (DOI): | 10.1038/srep25656 |
ISSN: | 2045-2322 |
Date made live: | 01 Aug 2016 09:14 +0 (UTC) |
URI: | https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/514080 |
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