A small number of anadromous females drive reproduction in a brown trout (Salmo trutta) population in an English chalk stream

Goodwin, Jill C.A.; King, R. Andrew; Jones, J. Iwan; Ibbotson, Anton; Stevens, Jamie R.. 2016 A small number of anadromous females drive reproduction in a brown trout (Salmo trutta) population in an English chalk stream. Freshwater Biology, 61 (7). 1075-1089. 10.1111/fwb.12768

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Abstract/Summary

1. Brown trout, Salmo trutta, exhibit one of the most highly variable and polytypic life-history strategies of all salmonids. Populations may be wholly freshwater-resident or almost exclusively migratory (anadromous), or fish of a single population may exhibit varying proportions of the two life-history strategies. Both anadromous and freshwater-resident trout freely interbreed to produce fertile offspring. 2. We quantify maternal reproductive provisioning by anadromous and freshwater-resident brown trout to their offspring and assess relative parental fitness (in terms of number, size and time of emergence of offspring). Newly emerged juvenile trout (fry) were sampled (n = 119) over the emergence period in March–April 2007 in a lowland English chalk stream; samples of adult trout [anadromous (6F : 12M) and freshwater-resident (22F : 56M)], river-resident trout parr and macroinvertebrate prey were also collected. 3. Using a novel combination of stable isotope analysis and microsatellite genotyping we demonstrate the overwhelming contribution of anadromous parents (both female and male) to fry production, despite the obvious presence and numerical dominance of resident adults. We unambiguously identify the maternal origins of 78% of juveniles sampled and show that maternal reproductive contribution to juvenile production in the river was higher for anadromous females (76%) than freshwater-resident fish (2.5%). Offspring of anadromous females emerged earlier and at a larger body size than offspring of resident females. Similarly, while the relative contribution of resident males (37%) was higher than that of resident females, anadromous males sired considerably more offspring (63%) than resident males. This is the first study of its kind to accurately assess the reproductive contribution of anadromous male trout. 4. Overall, this study suggests that anadromous maternal traits provide offspring with an adaptive advantage and greater fitness in early ontogeny, and that a small number of anadromous females (six of 96 adults sampled) are the main drivers of reproduction in this system.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1111/fwb.12768
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Unaffiliated
ISSN:	0046-5070
Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:	Open Access paper - full text available via Official URL link.
Additional Keywords:	microsatellite, parental investment, Salmo trutta, sea trout, stable isotope analysis
NORA Subject Terms:	Ecology and Environment Zoology Biology and Microbiology
Date made live:	04 May 2016 11:35 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/513539

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