Respiratory microbiota resistance and resilience to pulmonary exacerbation and subsequent antimicrobial intervention

Cuthbertson, Leah; Rogers, Geraint B.; Walker, Alan W.; Oliver, Anna; Green, Laura E.; Daniels, Thomas W.V.; Carroll, Mary P.; Parkhill, Julian; Bruce, Kenneth D.; van der Gast, Christopher J.. 2016 Respiratory microbiota resistance and resilience to pulmonary exacerbation and subsequent antimicrobial intervention. ISME Journal, 10 (5). 1081-1091. 10.1038/ismej.2015.198

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Abstract/Summary

Pulmonary symptoms in cystic fibrosis (CF) begin in early life with chronic lung infections and concomitant airway inflammation leading to progressive loss of lung function. Gradual pulmonary function decline is interspersed with periods of acute worsening of respiratory symptoms known as CF pulmonary exacerbations (CFPEs). Cumulatively, CFPEs are associated with more rapid disease progression. In this study multiple sputum samples were collected from adult CF patients over the course of CFPEs to better understand how changes in microbiota are associated with CFPE onset and management. Data were divided into five clinical periods: pre-CFPE baseline, CFPE, antibiotic treatment, recovery,and post-CFPE baseline. Samples were treated with propidium onoazide prior to DNA extraction, to remove the impact of bacterial cell death artefacts following antibiotic treatment,and then characterised by 16S rRNA gene-targeted high-throughput sequencing. Partitioning CF microbiota into core and rare groups revealed compositional resistance to CFPE and resilience to antibiotics interventions. Mixed effects modelling of core microbiota members revealed no significant negative impact on the relative abundance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa across the exacerbation cycle. Our findings have implications for current CFPE management strategies, supporting reassessment of existing antimicrobial treatment regimens, as antimicrobial resistance by pathogens and other members of the microbiota may be significant contributing factors.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1038/ismej.2015.198
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Acreman
ISSN:	1751-7362
Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:	Open Access paper - full text available via Official URL link.
Additional Keywords:	microbiome, antibiotics, chronic lung infection
NORA Subject Terms:	Medicine
Date made live:	17 Nov 2015 15:43 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/512255

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