Flow–plant interactions at leaf, stem and shoot scales: drag, turbulence, and biomechanics

Albayrak, Ismail; Nikora, Vladimir; Miler, Oliver; O’Hare, Matthew T.. 2014 Flow–plant interactions at leaf, stem and shoot scales: drag, turbulence, and biomechanics. Aquatic Sciences, 76 (2). 269-294. 10.1007/s00027-013-0335-2

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00027-013-0335-2

Abstract/Summary

Flow–plant interactions are experimentally investigated at leaf, stem, and shoot scales in an open-channel flume at a range of Reynolds numbers. The experiments included measurements of instantaneous drag forces acting on leaves, stems, and shoots of the common freshwater plant species Glyceria fluitans, complemented with velocity measurements, high-resolution video recordings, and biomechanical tests of leaf and stem properties. The analyses of bulk statistics, power spectral densities, transfer functions, and cross-correlations of measured velocities and drag forces revealed that flow characteristics, drag force, and plant biomechanical and morphological properties are strongly interconnected and scale-dependent. The plant element–flow interactions can be subdivided into two classes: (I) passive interactions when the drag variability is due to the time variability of the wetted and frontal areas and squared approach velocity (due to the large-scale turbulence); and (II) active interactions representing a range of element-specific instabilities that depend on the element flexural rigidity and morphology. Implications of experimental findings for plant biophysics and ecology are briefly discussed.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1007/s00027-013-0335-2
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Watt
ISSN:	1015-1621
Additional Keywords:	aquatic plants, drag force, flow–plant interactions, plant reconfiguration, plant biomechanics, turbulent open-channel flow
NORA Subject Terms:	Ecology and Environment Botany
Date made live:	20 Mar 2015 14:06 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/510229

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

10.1007/s00027-013-0335-2

UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:

Watt

ISSN:

1015-1621

Additional Keywords:

aquatic plants, drag force, flow–plant interactions, plant reconfiguration, plant biomechanics, turbulent open-channel flow

NORA Subject Terms:

Ecology and Environment
Botany