Towards a climate-dependent paradigm of ammonia emission and deposition

Sutton, Mark A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6263-6341; Reis, Stefan ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2428-8320; Riddick, Stuart N.; Dragosits, Ulrike; Nemitz, Eiko ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1765-6298; Theobald, Mark R.; Tang, Y. Sim; Braban, Christine F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4275-0152; Vieno, Massimo ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7741-9377; Dore, Anthony J.; Mitchell, Robert F.; Wanless, Sarah; Daunt, Francis ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4638-3388; Fowler, David; Blackall, Trevor D.; Milford, Celia; Flechard, Chris R.; Loubet, Benjamin; Massad, Raia; Cellier, Pierre; Personne, Erwan; Coheur, Pierre F.; Clarisse, Lieven; Van Damme, Martin; Ngadi, Yasmine; Clerbaux, Cathy; Skjoth, Carsten Ambelas; Geels, Camilla; Hertel, Ole; Kruit, Roy J. Wichink; Pinder, Robert W.; Bash, Jesse O.; Walker, John T.; Simpson, David; Horvath, László; Misselbrook, Tom H.; Bleeker, Albert; Dentener, Frank; de Vries, Wim. 2013 Towards a climate-dependent paradigm of ammonia emission and deposition [in special issue: The global nitrogen cycle in the twenty-first century] Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society (B), 368 (1621), 20130166. 13, pp. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0166

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Official URL: http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/368...

Abstract/Summary

Existing descriptions of bi-directional ammonia (NH3) land–atmosphere exchange incorporate temperature and moisture controls, and are beginning to be used in regional chemical transport models. However, such models have typically applied simpler emission factors to upscale the main NH3 emission terms. While this approach has successfully simulated the main spatial patterns on local to global scales, it fails to address the environment- and climate-dependence of emissions. To handle these issues, we outline the basis for a new modelling paradigm where both NH3 emissions and deposition are calculated online according to diurnal, seasonal and spatial differences in meteorology. We show how measurements reveal a strong, but complex pattern of climatic dependence, which is increasingly being characterized using ground-based NH3 monitoring and satellite observations, while advances in process-based modelling are illustrated for agricultural and natural sources, including a global application for seabird colonies. A future architecture for NH3 emission–deposition modelling is proposed that integrates the spatio-temporal interactions, and provides the necessary foundation to assess the consequences of climate change. Based on available measurements, a first empirical estimate suggests that 5°C warming would increase emissions by 42 per cent (28–67%). Together with increased anthropogenic activity, global NH3 emissions may increase from 65 (45–85) Tg N in 2008 to reach 132 (89–179) Tg by 2100.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0166
Programmes:	CEH Topics & Objectives 2009 - 2012 > Biogeochemistry
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Billett (to November 2013) Watt
ISSN:	0962-8436
Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:	Freely available on PubMed Central(Europe) https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3682750
Additional Keywords:	ammonia, emission, deposition, atmospheric modelling
NORA Subject Terms:	Atmospheric Sciences
Date made live:	22 Jan 2014 13:48 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/504566

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0166

Programmes:

CEH Topics & Objectives 2009 - 2012 > Biogeochemistry

UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:

Billett (to November 2013)
Watt

ISSN:

0962-8436

Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:

Freely available on PubMed Central(Europe) https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3682750