Influence of soil pH on the toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles to the terrestrial isopod Porcellionides pruinosus

Tourinho, Paula S.; van Gestel, Cornelis A.M.; Lofts, Stephen ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3627-851X; Soares, Amadeu M.V.M.; Loureiro, Susana. 2013 Influence of soil pH on the toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles to the terrestrial isopod Porcellionides pruinosus. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 32 (12). 2808-2815. 10.1002/etc.2369

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Official URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/etc.236...

Abstract/Summary

The effects of soil pH on the toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) to the terrestrial isopod Porcellionides pruinosus were evaluated. Isopods were exposed to a natural soil amended with CaCO3 to reach 3 different pHCaCl2 levels (4.5, 6.2, and 7.3) and to standard LUFA 2.2 soil (pH 5.5) spiked with ZnO NPs (30 nm), non-nano ZnO (200 nm), and ionic Zn as ZnCl2. Toxicity was expressed based on total Zn concentration in soil, as well as total Zn and free Zn2+ ion concentrations in porewater. Compared with ZnO-spiked soils, the ZnCl2-spiked soils had lower pH and higher porewater Ca2+ and Zn levels. Isopod survival did not differ between Zn forms and soils, but survival was higher for isopods exposed to ZnO NPs at pH 4.5. Median effect concentrations (EC50s) for biomass change showed similar trends for all Zn forms in all soils, with higher values at intermediate pH. Median lethal concentration (LC50) and EC50 values based on porewater Zn or free Zn ion concentrations were much lower for ZnO than for ionic zinc. Zn body concentrations increased in a dose-related manner, but no effect of soil pH was found. It is suggested not only that dissolved or free Zn in porewater contributed to uptake and toxicity, but also that oral uptake (i.e., ingestion of soil particles) could be an important additional route of exposure.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1002/etc.2369
Programmes:	CEH Topics & Objectives 2009 - 2012 > Biogeochemistry
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Shore
ISSN:	0730-7268
Additional Keywords:	ZnO nanoparticles, soil pH, isopods, toxicology, bioavailability
NORA Subject Terms:	Ecology and Environment
Date made live:	28 Nov 2013 11:47 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/503746

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

10.1002/etc.2369

Programmes:

CEH Topics & Objectives 2009 - 2012 > Biogeochemistry

UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:

Shore

ISSN:

0730-7268

Additional Keywords:

ZnO nanoparticles, soil pH, isopods, toxicology, bioavailability