Mineral potential mapping : a new spatial decision support tool for industry and planners

The initial search for the optimal location for a mineral extraction site is complex, involving the consideration of geology, environment, market, transport and other factors. This research used a geographical information system (GIS) as a spatial decision support tool to combine all of these aspects and to map the potential for aggregates extraction in the East Midlands region of England. The methodology, developed as part of an MSc research project, takes the concept of ‘Mineral Potential Mapping’ to a further stage. It moves beyond simple mapping of the extent of mineral resources to examine the potential of an area to be suitable for mineral extraction. Geological units were ranked according to their relative suitability for use as aggregates. The degree of constraint imposed by various environmental designations was assessed and mapped. The potential market for aggregates was evaluated using change in population density, proximity to urban areas, housing targets and priorities for highway improvements. Distances to main roads were also examined, together with the presence of bird strike risk zones. All these aspects were weighted using expert opinions and combined to produce maps showing the distribution of extraction suitability. Such maps represent a useful decision-making tool for both Mineral Planning Authorities and quarry operators. Although the project focussed on aggregates extraction in the East Midlands region of England, the methodology developed could be used for any other region, and potentially for other minerals.