Crystal structure of thrombin in complex with S-Variegin: Insights of a novel mechanism of inhibition and design of tunable thrombin inhibitors

Koh, Cho Yeow; Kumar, Sundramurthy; Kazimirova, Maria; Nuttall, Patricia A.; Radhakrishnan, Uvaraj P.; Kim, Seongcheol; Jagadeeswaran, Pudur; Imamura, Takayuki; Mizuguchi, Jun; Iwanaga, Sadaaki; Swaminathan, Kunchithapadam; Kini, R. Manjunatha. 2011 Crystal structure of thrombin in complex with S-Variegin: Insights of a novel mechanism of inhibition and design of tunable thrombin inhibitors. PLoS ONE, 6 (10), e26367. 16, pp. 10.1371/journal.pone.0026367

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Official URL: http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.137...

Abstract/Summary

The inhibition of thrombin is one of the important treatments of pathological blood clot formation. Variegin, isolated from the tropical bont tick, is a novel molecule exhibiting a unique ‘two-modes’ inhibitory property on thrombin active site (competitive before cleavage, noncompetitive after cleavage). For the better understanding of its function, we have determined the crystal structure of the human α-thrombin:synthetic-variegin complex at 2.4 Å resolution. The structure reveals a new mechanism of thrombin inhibition by disrupting the charge relay system. Based on the structure, we have designed 17 variegin variants, differing in potency, kinetics and mechanism of inhibition. The most active variant is about 70 times more potent than the FDA-approved peptidic thrombin inhibitor, hirulog-1/bivalirudin. In vivo antithrombotic effects of the variegin variants correlate well with their in vitro affinities for thrombin. Our results encourage that variegin and the variants show strong potential for the development of tunable anticoagulants.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1371/journal.pone.0026367
Programmes:	CEH Topics & Objectives 2009 - 2012 > Biodiversity
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Unaffiliated
ISSN:	1932-6203
Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:	PLoS ONE is an open access journal. Click on the OFFICIAL URL link to access full text.
NORA Subject Terms:	Biology and Microbiology
Date made live:	25 Jun 2012 13:11 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/18464

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

10.1371/journal.pone.0026367

Programmes:

CEH Topics & Objectives 2009 - 2012 > Biodiversity

UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:

Unaffiliated

ISSN:

1932-6203

Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:

PLoS ONE is an open access journal. Click on the OFFICIAL URL link to access full text.