Nutrient and light limitation of periphyton in the River Thames: implications for catchment management

Bowes, M.J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0673-1934; Ings, N.L.; McCall, S.J.; Warwick, A.; Barrett, C.; Wickham, H.D.; Harman, S.A.; Armstrong, L.K.; Scarlett, P.M.; Roberts, C.; Lehmann, K.; Singer, A.C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4705-6063. 2012 Nutrient and light limitation of periphyton in the River Thames: implications for catchment management. Science of the Total Environment, 434. 201-212. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.082

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Abstract/Summary

Soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentrations in the River Thames, south east England, have significantly decreased from an annual maximum of 2100 μg l−1 in 1997 to 344 in 2010, primarily due to the introduction of phosphorus (P) removal at sewage treatment works within the catchment. However, despite this improvement in water quality, phytoplankton biomass in the River Thames has greatly increased in recent years, with peak chlorophyll concentrations increasing from 87 μg l−1 in the period 1997 to 2002, to 328 μg l−1 in 2009. A series of within-river flume mesocosm experiments were performed to determine the effect of changing nutrient concentrations and light levels on periphyton biomass accrual. Nutrient enrichment experiments showed that phosphorus, nitrogen and silicon were not limiting or co-limiting periphyton growth in the Thames at the time of the experiment (August–September 2010). Decreasing ambient SRP concentration from 225 μg l−1 to 173 μg l−1 had no effect on periphyton biomass accrual rate or diatom assemblage. Phosphorus limitation became apparent at 83 μg SRP l−1, at which point a 25% reduction in periphyton biomass was observed. Diatom assemblage significantly changed when the SRP concentration was reduced to 30 μg l−1. Such stringent phosphorus targets are costly and difficult to achieve for the River Thames, due to the high population density and intensive agriculture within the Thames basin. Reducing light levels by shading reduced the periphyton accrual rate by 50%. Providing shading along the River Thames by planting riparian tree cover could be an effective measure to reduce the risk of excessive algal growth. If the ecology of the Thames is to reach the WFD's “good ecological status”, then both SRP concentration reductions (probably to below 100 μg l−1) and increased shading will be required.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.082
Programmes:	CEH Topics & Objectives 2009 - 2012 > Water > WA Topic 2 - Ecohydrological Processes > WA - 2.3 - Assess the responses of river, lake and wetland ecosystems to ecohydrological drivers
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Acreman Hails Reynard
ISSN:	0048-9697
Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:	This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Science of the Total Environment. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Science of the Total Environment [434, 201-212 (2012)] 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.082
Additional Keywords:	algae, biofilm, flume mesocosms, eutrophication, CEH Thames Initiative, Seacourt Stream
NORA Subject Terms:	Ecology and Environment Hydrology Chemistry
Date made live:	21 Dec 2011 14:58 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/16072

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