Phytoplankton community composition around the Crozet Plateau, with emphasis on diatoms and Phaeocystis

Poulton, Alex J.; Moore, C. Mark; Seeyave, Sophie; Lucas, Mike I.; Fielding, Sophie ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-4742; Ward, Peter. 2007 Phytoplankton community composition around the Crozet Plateau, with emphasis on diatoms and Phaeocystis. Deep-Sea Research Part II, 54 (18-20). 2085-2105. 10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.06.005

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Abstract/Summary

Phytoplankton community composition has important implications for upper-ocean biogeochemistry and export production. The species composition of the phytoplankton community (diatoms, Phaeocystis antarctica) was examined around the Crozet Plateau (Southern Ocean) during the CROZEX project in order to address spatial changes in species composition. Phytoplankton biomass was dominated by P. antarctica to the north of the Crozet Plateau, while south of the plateau a diverse community including several large diatom species (e.g., Corethron pennatum) occurred. The phytoplankton community in the vicinity of the Crozet Plateau and Crozet islands included a mixture of P. antarctica and Thalassionema nitzschioides. High numbers of empty diatom frustules characterised many of the sampling sites, with similar species present in the water column as both full and empty cells. Multivariate analysis was used to analyse both the level of similarity between the different sampling sites and the co-occurrence of species. Cluster analysis of the sampling sites showed distinct clusters that differed in terms of species composition and environmental parameters. Recurrent species analysis showed groupings which relate to phytoplankton cell size; groupings separated (i) small (similar to 15 mu m) diatom species, (ii) medium (similar to 35 mu m) and large (similar to 90 mu m) diatom species as well as P. antarctica colonies, and (iii) giant (similar to 300 mu m) diatoms. The abundance and distribution of the different floral groups identified by multivariate analysis are linked to the different environmental regimes, although the relationships are different for small and large species due to the interaction between factors important for phytoplankton growth (e.g., light, nutrients, iron) and mortality (e.g., grazing).

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.06.005
Programmes:	BAS Programmes > Global Science in the Antarctic Context (2005-2009) > DISCOVERY 2010 - Integrating Southern Ocean Ecosystems into the Earth System
ISSN:	0967-0645
Additional Keywords:	diatoms, Phaeocystis antarctica, Thalassionema nitzschioides, Crozet Plateau
NORA Subject Terms:	Marine Sciences Biology and Microbiology Ecology and Environment
Date made live:	20 Oct 2011 10:59 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/11886

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