Fisheries in the Southern Ocean: an ecosystem approach

Kock, Karl-Hermann; Reid, Keith; Croxall, John; Nicol, Stephen. 2007 Fisheries in the Southern Ocean: an ecosystem approach. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 362 (1488). 2333-2349. 10.1098/rstb.2006.1954

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Abstract/Summary

The Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) is bound by its Article II, 3 to follow an ecosystem approach to management. This approach has been extended to the application of a precautionary approach in the late 1980s. In our review, we deal primarily with the science-related aspects of CCAMLR and its development towards an ecosystem approach to the management of the living resources of the Southern Ocean. To assist the Commission in meeting its objectives, as set out in Article II, 3, the Scientific Committee established the CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Programme to detect possible effects of krill fishing on the performance of top-level predators, such as albatrosses, penguins, petrels and fur seals. Fisheries in the Southern Ocean followed the fate of other fisheries worldwide in which target species were depleted to low level one after the other. Currently, two types of fisheries are open: the longline fisheries on Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) and Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) and the trawl fisheries on mackerel icefish (Champsocephalus gunnari). Both fisheries are managed in a single-species context, however, with conservation measures in place to protect by-catch species, such as rattails (Macrouridae) and skates and rays (Rajidae). Two major problems still exist in fisheries in the Southern Ocean: the by-catch of birds in longline fisheries primarily in the Indian Ocean and the high level of IUU fishing again in the Indian Ocean. Both, the by-catch of birds and high IUU catches undermine the credibility of CCAMLR to safeguard the marine living resources in the Southern Ocean.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1098/rstb.2006.1954
Programmes:	BAS Programmes > Global Science in the Antarctic Context (2005-2009) > DISCOVERY 2010 - Integrating Southern Ocean Ecosystems into the Earth System
ISSN:	0962-8436
Additional Keywords:	fisheries, Southern Ocean, CCAMLR, ecosystem approach
NORA Subject Terms:	Marine Sciences Ecology and Environment
Date made live:	01 Nov 2011 17:05 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/11771

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