'Night Marine Air Temperature' in Global Climate in State of the Climate 2022

Cornes, R. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7688-4485; Cropper, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-7905; Junod, R.; Kent, E. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-4247. 2023 'Night Marine Air Temperature' in Global Climate in State of the Climate 2022. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 104 (9). S11-S145. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-23-0090.1

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Text © Copyright [2023] American Meteorological Society (AMS). For permission to reuse any portion of this Work, please contact permissions@ametsoc.org. Any use of material in this Work that is determined to be “fair use” under Section 107 of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 U.S. Code § 107) or that satisfies the conditions specified in Section 108 of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 USC § 108) does not require the AMS’s permission. Republication, systematic reproduction, posting in electronic form, such as on a website or in a searchable database, or other uses of this material, except as exempted by the above statement, requires written permission or a license from the AMS. All AMS journals and monograph publications are registered with the Copyright Clearance Center (https://www.copyright.com). Additional details are provided in the AMS Copyright Policy statement, available on the AMS website (https://www.ametsoc.org/PUBSCopyrightPolicy). bams-2023BAMSStateoftheClimate.1.pdf - Published Version Download (140MB) | Preview

Abstract/Summary

Air temperature measurements have been made onboard ships for centuries and continue to be collected today thanks to the Voluntary Observing Ship initiative (https://www.ocean-ops.org/reportcard2022/). Gridded datasets of marine air temperature (MAT) are constructed from the individual measurements, and two such datasets that are routinely updated are used in this section: University of Alabama in Huntsville night-time MAT (UAHNMAT; Junod and Christy 2020) and Climate Linked Atlantic Sector Science night MAT (CLASSnmat; Cornes et al. 2020). Since daytime MAT observations are biased warm due to heating from the ship superstructure, only night-time values are currently used in these datasets and, hence, they are referred to as night marine air temperature (NMAT). These NMAT datasets provide comparison against the more widely used sea-surface temperature (SST) datasets. In keeping with this theme, we also include SST statistics from The Met Office Hadley Centre's sea-surface temperature dataset (HadSST4; Kennedy et al. 2019) in this section. Note, however, that the large-scale average values from HadSST4 presented in this section (Fig. 2.5 and Table 2.2) may differ slightly from other estimates from the dataset presented in this report because the data have been masked such that the spatial coverage is the same across the three datasets in order to ensure a fair comparison.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-23-0090.1
ISSN:	0003-0007
Related URLs:	https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-23-0090.1
Date made live:	23 Oct 2023 15:30 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/536158

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