Proportional contributions to organic chemical mixture effects in groundwater and surface water

Spurgeon, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3264-8760; Wilkinson, Helen; Civil, Wayne; Hutt, Lorraine; Armenise, Elena; Kieboom, Natalie; Sims, Kerry; Besien, Tim. 2022 Proportional contributions to organic chemical mixture effects in groundwater and surface water. Water Research, 220, 118641. 9, pp. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118641

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118641

Abstract/Summary

Semi-quantitative GC-MS and LC-MS measurements of organic chemicals in groundwater and surface waters were used to assess the overall magnitude and contribution of the most important substances to calculated mixture hazard. Here we use GC-MS and LC-MS measurements taken from two separate national monitoring programs for groundwater and surface water in England, in combination with chronic species sensitivity distribution (SSD) HC50 values published by Posthuma et al. (2019, Environ. Toxicol. Chem, 38, 905–917) to calculate individual substance hazard quotients and mixture effects using a concentration addition approach. The mixture analysis indicated that, as anticipated, there was an increased hazard from the presence of a cocktail of substances at sites compared to the hazard for any single chemical. The magnitude of the difference between the hazard attributed to the most important chemical and the overall mixture effect, however, was not large. Thus, the most toxic chemical contributed ≥ 20% of the calculated mixture effect in >99% of all measured groundwater and surface water samples. On the basis of this analysis, a 5 fold assessment factor placed on the risk identified for any single chemical would offer a high degree of in cases where implementation of a full mixture analysis was not possible. This finding is consistent with previous work that has assessed chemical mixture effects within field monitoring programs and as such provides essential underpinning for future policy and management decisions on how to effectively and proportionately manage mixture risks.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118641
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Pollution (Science Area 2017-)
ISSN:	0043-1354
Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:	Open Access paper - full text available via Official URL link.
Additional Keywords:	GC-MS, LC-MS, chronic species sensitivity distribution, concentration addition, mixture assessment factor
NORA Subject Terms:	Hydrology
Date made live:	25 Oct 2022 10:04 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/533420

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118641

UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:

Pollution (Science Area 2017-)

ISSN:

0043-1354

Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:

Open Access paper - full text available via Official URL link.

Additional Keywords:

GC-MS, LC-MS, chronic species sensitivity distribution, concentration addition, mixture assessment factor