Shallow layer simulation of heavy gas released on a slope in a calm ambient Part I. Continuous releases

Hankin, R.K.S.. 2003 Shallow layer simulation of heavy gas released on a slope in a calm ambient Part I. Continuous releases. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 103 (3). 205-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3894(03)00224-3

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Abstract/Summary

Although much research considers heavy gas dispersion over flat ground, less is known about the physics of dense gas dispersion on a slope. Here, the appropriateness of shallow layer models for the simple case of releases over a slope in a calm ambient is assessed. This two-part paper assesses the value of shallow layer modelling using the established shallow layer model TWODEE [J. Hazard. Mater. 66 (3) (1999) 211; J. Hazard. Mater. 66 (3) (1999) 227; J. Hazard. Mater. 66 (3) (1999) 239] and the experimental results of Schatzmann et al. [M. Schatzmann, K. Marotzke, J. Donat, Research on continuous and instantaneous heavy gas clouds, contribution of sub-project EV 4T–0021-D to the final report of the joint CEC project, Technical Report, Meteorological Institute, University of Hamburg, February 1991]. Part I considers continuous releases, and part II considers instantaneous releases; both use the same model with the same entrainment coefficients. For continuous releases, cloud arrival times are generally well predicted, and cloud concentrations are generally correct to within a factor of two. Shallow layer models thus appear to be capable of physically accurate simulation of continuous releases over a slope in a calm ambient.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3894(03)00224-3
ISSN:	0304-3894
Additional Keywords:	Heavy gas dispersion; Continuous releases; Shallow layer modelling; Risk assessment; Slopes
Date made live:	14 Aug 2008 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/158513

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