High- and low-frequency 11-year solar cycle signatures in the Southern Hemispheric winter and spring

Lu, Hua ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9485-5082; Jarvis, Martin; Gray, Lesley J,; Baldwin, Mark P.. 2011 High- and low-frequency 11-year solar cycle signatures in the Southern Hemispheric winter and spring. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 137 (659). 1641-1656. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.852

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Abstract/Summary

We have studied the characterization of the 11-year solar cycle (SC) signals in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) during the winter and spring using European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) daily and monthly data from 1979 to 2009. By separating the response into high (<6 months) and low (>36 months) frequency domains, we have found that spatially different 11-year SC signals exist for high- and low-frequency domains. In the stratosphere, the high- and low-frequency responses tend to enhance each other near the Equator and Subtropics, while they oppose one another at high latitudes. The high-frequency response is marked by a strengthened stratospheric jet during winter and the response is not static but tracks with the centre of the polar vortex. In the lower stratosphere, the positive response of temperature to the 11-year SC is dominated by its low-frequency component, which extends from the North Pole to the South Pole. The low-frequency tropospheric response is latitudinally symmetrical about the Equator and consistent with the modelled responses to temperature perturbation in the lower stratosphere. The signals are found to be sensitive to contamination from the 2002 sudden stratospheric warming event and major volcanic eruptions but the general spatial pattern of the responses remains similar. A significant projection of the 11-year SC onto the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) can only be detected in the stratosphere and in the high-frequency component. The signature is marked by a strengthening of the stratospheric SAM during winter and a weakening of the SAM in the uppermost stratosphere during spring. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.852
Programmes:	BAS Programmes > Polar Science for Planet Earth (2009 - ) > Climate
ISSN:	0035-9009
Additional Keywords:	11-year solar cycle signature, stratospheric temperature and winds, the SAM
NORA Subject Terms:	Atmospheric Sciences
Date made live:	11 Oct 2011 11:08 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/15265

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