Elemental and organic carbon in PM10: a one year measurement campaign within the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme EMEP

Yttri, K. E.; Aas, W.; Bjerke, A.; Cape, J. N.; Cavalli, F.; Ceburnis, D.; Dye, C.; Emblico, L.; Facchini, M. C.; Forster, C.; Hanssen, J. E.; Hansson, H. C.; Jennings, S .G.; Maenhaut, W.; Putaud, J. P.; Torseth, K.. 2007 Elemental and organic carbon in PM10: a one year measurement campaign within the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme EMEP. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 7. 5711-5725.

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Abstract/Summary

In the present study, ambient aerosol (PM10) concentrations of elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), and total carbon (TC) are reported for 12 European rural background sites and two urban background sites following a one-year (1 July 2002–1 July 2003) sampling campaign within the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme, EMEP (http://www.emep.int/). The purpose of the campaign was to assess the feasibility of performing EC and OC monitoring on a regular basis and to obtain an overview of the spatial and seasonal variability on a regional scale in Europe. Analyses were performed using the thermal-optical transmission (TOT) instrument from Sunset Lab Inc., operating according to a NIOSH derived temperature program. The annual mean mass concentration of EC ranged from 0.17±0.19μgm−3 (mean ± SD) at Birkenes (Norway) to 1.83±1.32μgm−3 at Ispra (Italy). The corresponding range for OC was 1.20±1.29μgm−3 at Mace Head (Ireland) to 7.79±6.80μgm−3 at Ispra. On average, annual concentrations of EC, OC, and TC were three times higher for rural background sites in Central, Eastern and Southern Europe compared to those situated in the Northern andWestern parts of Europe. Wintertime concentrations of EC and OC were higher than those recorded during summer for the majority of the sites. Moderate to high Pearson correlation oefficients (rp) (0.50–0.94) were observed for EC versus OC for the sites investigated. The lowest correlation coefficients were noted for the three Scandinavian sites: Aspvreten (SE), Birkenes (NO), and Virolahti (FI), and the Slovakian site Stara Lesna, and are suggested to reflect biogenic sources, wild and prescribed fires. This suggestion is supported by the fact that higher concentrations of OC are observed for summer compared to winter for these sites. For the rural background sites, total carbonaceous material accounted for 30±9% of PM10, of which 27±9% could be attributed to organic matter (OM) and 3.4±1.0% to elemental matter (EM). OM was found to be more abundant than SO4 2− for sites reporting both parameters.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Programmes:	CEH Programmes pre-2009 publications > Biogeochemistry > BG01 Measuring and modelling trace gas, aerosol and carbon > BG01.5 Aerosols
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Billett (to November 2013)
ISSN:	1680-7316
Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:	open access source
NORA Subject Terms:	Atmospheric Sciences
Date made live:	27 Nov 2007 16:14 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/1237

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