Scale and diversity of the physical technosphere: a geological perspective

Zalasiewicz, Jan; Williams, Mark; Waters, Colin N.; Barnosky, Anthony D.; Palmesino, John; Ro nnskog, Ann-Sofi; Edgeworth, Matt; Neal, Cath; Cearreta, Alejandro; Ellis, Erle C.; Grinevald, Jacques; Haff, Peter; Ivar do Sul, Juliana A.; Jeandel, Catherine; Leinfelder, Reinhold; McNeill, John R.; Odada, Eric; Oreskes, Naomi; Price, Simon James; Revkin, Andrew; Steffen, Will; Summerhayes, Colin; Vidas, Davor; Wing, Scott; Wolfe, Alexander P.. 2017 Scale and diversity of the physical technosphere: a geological perspective. The Anthropocene Review, 4 (1). 9-22. 10.1177/2053019616677743

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Abstract/Summary

We assess the scale and extent of the physical technosphere, defined here as the summed material output of the contemporary human enterprise. It includes active urban, agricultural and marine components, used to sustain energy and material flow for current human life, and a growing residue layer, currently only in small part recycled back into the active component. Preliminary estimates suggest a technosphere mass of approximately 30 trillion tonnes (Tt), which helps support a human biomass that, despite recent growth, is ~5 orders of magnitude smaller. The physical technosphere includes a large, rapidly growing diversity of complex objects that are potential trace fossils or ‘technofossils’. If assessed on palaeontological criteria, technofossil diversity already exceeds known estimates of biological diversity as measured by richness, far exceeds recognized fossil diversity, and may exceed total biological diversity through Earth’s history. The rapid transformation of much of Earth’s surface mass into the technosphere and its myriad components underscores the novelty of the current planetary transformation.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1177/2053019616677743
ISSN:	2053-0196
Additional Keywords:	Anthropocene, technosphere, artefacts, stratigraphy, technology; anthroposphere
NORA Subject Terms:	Earth Sciences
Date made live:	02 Dec 2016 15:52 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/515288

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