UK Geoenergy Observatories : Glasgow groundwater and surface water chemistry dataset release May 2024 - November 2025

This report presents a hydrochemical summary of the monitoring of groundwater and surface water at the UK Geoenergy Observatory in Glasgow (UKGEOS Glasgow) from May 2024 to November 2025. This period represents the latest part of the operational phase for the Observatory, which is designed for research and innovation in mine water geothermal energy and thermal energy storage. Five sampling rounds were completed, with samples collected from 10 boreholes and six surface water monitoring points. It is preceded by the previous Glasgow Observatory monitoring report: Glasgow baseline groundwater and surface water dataset release September 2022 - January 2024 (Palumbo-Roe et al., 2025), which presents a hydrochemical summary and description of the initial period of the operational phase.
The groundwater sampling, methods are discussed and quality of the water analyses are summarised. The results from the groundwater monitoring include field measurements of redox potential (ORP), pH, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, alkalinity and water temperature, as well as chemical analyses of major, minor, and trace elements, reduced iron, dissolved sulphide, non-purgeable organic carbon (NPOC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), volatile organic compounds (VOC), oxygen and deuterium isotopes (δ2H and δ18O), carbon isotopes in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) (δ13CDIC), ammonium (NH4), dissolved gases: radon, methane, ethane and carbon dioxide (Rn, CH4, C2H6, CO2). The results from the surface water monitoring include the same parameters except for exclusion of NH4, VOC, reduced iron, sulphide and dissolved gases.
Summary tables only are presented; except for assessment of surface water environmental quality standards (EQS) in Section 4.3, this report does not include discussion or interpretation of the results.