Developing groundwater for secure rural water supplies in Africa

In sub-Saharan Africa 85% of those without access to safe water live in rural areas where
the consequent poverty and ill health disproportionately affect women and children. The widespread
development of groundwater is the most affordable and sustainable way of improving access to
secure water for the rural poor on the scale required to achieve current coverage targets. However,
groundwater resources vary considerably across the continent, and the sustainable development of
the resource depends on an accurate understanding of the hydrogeology. To develop secure water
supplies, the quantity, quality and sustainability of groundwater resources must be known to ensure
that key decisions are informed by knowledge of resource conditions. Communities must also be
involved at every stage of the process and given the authority to manage and maintain sources. There
is a danger that the current pressure to achieve ambitious coverage targets will result in short cuts
being taken and, although many new sources are constructed, they will not be secure.