Diversification, evolution and sub-functionalization of 70kDa heat-shock proteins in two sister species of Antarctic krill: differences in thermal habitats, responses and implications under climate change

Cascella, Kévin; Jollivet, Didier; Papot, Claire; Léger, Nelly; Corre, Erwan; Ravaux, Juliette; Clark, Melody S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3442-3824; Toullec, Jean-Yves. 2015 Diversification, evolution and sub-functionalization of 70kDa heat-shock proteins in two sister species of Antarctic krill: differences in thermal habitats, responses and implications under climate change. PLOS ONE, 10 (4), e0121642. 23, pp. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121642

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Abstract/Summary

A comparative thermal tolerance study was undertaken on two sister species of Euphausiids (Antarctic krills) Euphausia superba and Euphausia crystallorophias. Both are essential components of the Southern Ocean ecosystem, but occupy distinct environmental geographical locations with slightly different temperature regimes. They therefore provide a useful model system for the investigation of adaptations to thermal tolerance. Methodology/Principal Finding Initial CTmax studies showed that E. superba was slightly more thermotolerant than E. crystallorophias. Five Hsp70 mRNAs were characterized from the RNAseq data of both species and subsequent expression kinetics studies revealed notable differences in induction of each of the 5 orthologues between the two species, with E. crystallorophias reacting more rapidly than E. superba. Furthermore, analyses conducted to estimate the evolutionary rates and selection strengths acting on each gene tended to support the hypothesis that diversifying selection has contributed to the diversification of this gene family, and led to the selective relaxation on the inducible C form with its possible loss of function in the two krill species. Conclusions The sensitivity of the epipelagic species E. crystallorophias to temperature variations and/or its adaptation to cold is enhanced when compared with its sister species, E. superba. These results indicate that ice krill could be the first of the two species to be impacted by the warming of coastal waters of the Austral ocean in the coming years due to climate change.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121642
Programmes:	BAS Programmes > Polar Science for Planet Earth (2009 - ) > Ecosystems
ISSN:	1932-6203
Additional Keywords:	Antarctica, heat shock response, evolutionary genetics, phylogenetic analysis
Date made live:	15 Apr 2015 09:04 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/510629

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121642

Programmes:

BAS Programmes > Polar Science for Planet Earth (2009 - ) > Ecosystems

ISSN:

1932-6203

Additional Keywords:

Antarctica, heat shock response, evolutionary genetics, phylogenetic analysis

Date made live:

15 Apr 2015 09:04 +0 (UTC)