Changes in the interfacial tension of chlorinated solvents following flow through UK soils and shallow aquifer material

Harrold, Gavin; Gooddy, D.C.; Reid, Stephen; Lerner, David N.; Leharne, Stephen A.. 2003 Changes in the interfacial tension of chlorinated solvents following flow through UK soils and shallow aquifer material. Environmental Science and Technology, 37 (9). 1919-1925. https://doi.org/10.1021/es020117i

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Official URL: http://pubs.acs.org/journal/esthag

Abstract/Summary

The interfacial tension (IFT) that arises at the interface between water and an immiscible organic liquid is a key parameter affecting the transport and subsequent fate of the organic liquid in water-saturated porous media. In this paper, data are presented that show how contact between a range of soil types and chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent (CHS) dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) can affect DNAPL/water IFT values. The soils examined are indicative of U.K. soil types and shallow aquifer materials. The solvents investigated were tetrachloroethylene (PCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE). Lab grade, recovered field DNAPL and industrial waste chlorinated solvent mixtures were used. The data from batch and column experiments invariably revealed that water/DNAPL IFT values change following contact with unsaturated soils. In the majority of cases, the IFT values increase following soil exposure. However, after contact with an organic-rich soil, the I FT of the lab grade solvents decreased. The experimental evidence suggests that these reductions are linked to the removal of organic material from the soil and its subsequent incorporation into the solvent. IFT increases in the case of lab solvents are shown to be linked to the removal of stabilizers (added by the manufacturers to obviate degradation) that are removed by adsorption to soil mineral surfaces. Similarly, it is conjectured that adsorption of surface-active compounds from the industrial waste samples to soil surfaces is responsible for increases in the IFT in these samples. Finally, it was observed that invading CHSs are capable of dissolving and subsequently mobilizing in-situ soil contaminants. GC/MS analysis revealed these mobilized soil contaminants to be polyaromatic hydrocarbons and phthalate esters.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1021/es020117i
Programmes:	BGS Programmes > Groundwater Management
ISSN:	0013-936X
Additional Keywords:	GroundwaterBGS, Groundwater, Point source pollution
NORA Subject Terms:	Hydrology Chemistry
Related URLs:	http://www.bgs.ac.uk/research/groundwate...
Date made live:	24 Jul 2009 10:24 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/7781

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

https://doi.org/10.1021/es020117i

Programmes:

BGS Programmes > Groundwater Management

ISSN:

0013-936X

Additional Keywords:

GroundwaterBGS, Groundwater, Point source pollution

NORA Subject Terms:

Hydrology
Chemistry