The High Latitude Ionospheric Response to the Major May 2024 Geomagnetic Storm: A Synoptic View

Themens, David R.; Elvidge, Sean; McCaffrey, Anthony; Jayachandran, P. T.; Coster, Anthea; Varney, Roger H.; Galkin, Ivan; Goodwin, Lindsay V.; Watson, Chris; Maguire, Sophie; Kavanagh, Andrew J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7360-7039; Zhang, Shun‐Rong; Goncharenko, Larisa; Bhatt, Asti; Dorrian, Gareth; Groves, Keith; Wood, Alan G.; Reid, Ben. 2024 The High Latitude Ionospheric Response to the Major May 2024 Geomagnetic Storm: A Synoptic View. Geophysical Research Letters, 51 (19). https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL111677

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Official URL: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.102...

Abstract/Summary

The high latitude ionospheric evolution of the May 10‐11, 2024, geomagnetic storm is investigated in terms of Total Electron Content and contextualized with Incoherent Scatter Radar and ionosonde observations. Substantial plasma lifting is observed within the initial Storm Enhanced Density plume with ionospheric peak heights increasing by 150–300 km, reaching levels of up to 630 km. Scintillation is observed within the cusp during the initial expansion phase of the storm, spreading across the auroral oval thereafter. Patch transport into the polar cap produces broad regions of scintillation that are rapidly cleared from the region after a strong Interplanetary Magnetic Field reversal at 2230UT. Strong heating and composition changes result in the complete absence of the F2‐layer on the eleventh, suffocating high latitude convection from dense plasma necessary for Tongue of Ionization and patch formation, ultimately resulting in a suppression of polar capscintillation on the eleventh.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL111677
ISSN:	0094-8276
Additional Keywords:	May 2024 geomagnetic storm, ionosphere, GNSS, high latitudes, superstorm, polar cap
Date made live:	02 Oct 2024 14:54 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/538159

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL111677

ISSN:

0094-8276

Additional Keywords:

May 2024 geomagnetic storm, ionosphere, GNSS, high latitudes, superstorm, polar cap

Date made live:

02 Oct 2024 14:54 +0 (UTC)

URI:

https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/538159