Ground-based Remote Sensing of Aerosol, Clouds, Dynamics, and Precipitation in Antarctica - First results from the one-year COALA campaign at Neumayer Station III in 2023

Radenz, Martin; Engelmann, Ronny; Henning, Silvia; Schmithüsen, Holger; Baars, Holger; Frey, Markus M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0535-0416; Weller, Rolf; Bühl, Johannes; Jimenez, Cristofer; Roschke, Johanna; Muser, Lukas Ole; Wullenweber, Nellie; Zeppenfeld, Sebastian; Griesche, Hannes; Wandinger, Ulla; Seifert, Patric. 2024 Ground-based Remote Sensing of Aerosol, Clouds, Dynamics, and Precipitation in Antarctica - First results from the one-year COALA campaign at Neumayer Station III in 2023. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-22-0285.1

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Abstract/Summary

Novel observations of aerosol and clouds by means of ground-based remote sensing have been performed in Antarctica over the Ekström ice shelf on the coast of Dronning Maud Land at Neumayer Station III (70.67°S, 8.27°W) from January to December 2023. The deployment of OCEANET-Atmosphere remote-sensing observatory in the framework of the Continuous Observations of Aerosol-cLoud interAction (COALA) campaign brought ACTRIS aerosol and cloud profiling capabilities next to meteorological and air chemistry in-situ observations at the Antarctic station. We present an overview of the site, the instrumental setup and data analysis strategy and introduce 3 scientific highlights from austral fall and winter, namely: 1. Observations of a persistent mixed-phase cloud embedded in a plume of marine aerosol. Remote-sensing-based retrievals of cloud-relevant aerosol properties and cloud microphysical parameters confirm that the free-tropospheric mixed phase cloud layer formed in an aerosol-limited environment. 2. Two extraordinary warm air intrusions. One with intense snowfall produced the equivalent of 10% of the yearly snow accumulation, a second one with record-breaking maximum temperatures and heavy icing due to supercooled drizzle. 3. Omnipresent aerosol layers in the stratosphere. Our profiling capabilities could show that 50% of the 500-nm aerosol optical depth of 0.06 was caused by stratospheric aerosol, while the troposphere was usually pristine. As demonstrated by these highlights, the one-year COALA observations will serve as a reference dataset for the vertical structure of aerosol and clouds above the region, enabling future observational and modeling studies to advance understanding of atmospheric processes in Antarctica.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-22-0285.1
ISSN:	0003-0007
Date made live:	20 Jun 2024 11:11 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/537605

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