Optimising sample preparation for FTIR-based microplastic analysis in wastewater and sludge samples: multiple digestions

Cunsolo, Serena; Williams, John; Hale, Michelle; Read, Daniel S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8546-5154; Couceiro, Fay. 2021 Optimising sample preparation for FTIR-based microplastic analysis in wastewater and sludge samples: multiple digestions. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 413 (14). 3789-3799. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-021-03331-6

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-021-03331-6

Abstract/Summary

The lack of standardised methodologies in microplastic research has been addressed in recent years as it hampers the comparison of results across studies. The quantification of microplastics in the environment is key to the assessment of the potential eco-toxicological impacts that this new category of emerging pollutants could have on terrestrial and aquatic species. Therefore, the need for protocols that are robust, simple and reliable together with their standardisation are of crucial importance. This study has focused on removal of organic matter with Fenton reagent from wastewater and sludge samples. This step of analysis was optimised by implementing a multi-digestion treatment on these samples that have high concentration of complex mixtures of organic matter, which interfere with microplastic enumeration. Moreover, this study targeted the detection of microplastics in the sub-hundred-micron size range due to the potential higher risks associated with smaller-sized particles and the limited data available from previous wastewater research. To show the validity of the method, triplicate samples of raw sewage, final effluent and sludge were independently spiked with two different sizes and types of microplastic polymers. Due to the various analytical stages required for the isolation of microplastics, time is a limiting factor in sample processing. The sequential digestion with Fenton reagent represents an inexpensive and time-efficient procedure for wastewater research providing effective degradation of organic material. These advantages over other currently available methods mean the method is suitable for analysis of large numbers of samples allowing robust monitoring data sets to be generated.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-021-03331-6
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Soils and Land Use (Science Area 2017-)
ISSN:	1618-2642
Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:	Open Access paper - full text available via Official URL link.
Additional Keywords:	wet peroxide oxidation, organic matter, microplastics, wastewater, recovery, extraction
NORA Subject Terms:	Chemistry
Date made live:	26 May 2021 16:27 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/530405

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-021-03331-6

UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:

Soils and Land Use (Science Area 2017-)

ISSN:

1618-2642

Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:

Open Access paper - full text available via Official URL link.

Additional Keywords:

wet peroxide oxidation, organic matter, microplastics, wastewater, recovery, extraction