Candidate genes for the high-altitude adaptations of two mountain pine taxa

Zaborowska, Julia; Labiszak, Bartosz; Perry, Annika ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7889-7597; Cavers, Stephen ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2139-9236; Wachowiak, Witold. 2021 Candidate genes for the high-altitude adaptations of two mountain pine taxa. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22 (7), 3477. 24, pp. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073477

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073477

Abstract/Summary

Mountain plants, challenged by vegetation time contractions and dynamic changes in environmental conditions, developed adaptations that help them to balance their growth, reproduction, survival, and regeneration. However, knowledge regarding the genetic basis of species adaptation to higher altitudes remain scarce for most plant species. Here, we attempted to identify such corresponding genomic regions of high evolutionary importance in two closely related European pines, Pinus mugo and P. uncinata, contrasting them with a reference lowland relative—P. sylvestris. We genotyped 438 samples at thousands of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, tested their genetic differentiation and population structure followed by outlier detection and gene ontology annotations. Markers clearly differentiated the species and uncovered patterns of population structure in two of them. In P. uncinata three Pyrenean sites were grouped together, while two outlying populations constituted a separate cluster. In P. sylvestris, Spanish population appeared distinct from the remaining four European sites. Between mountain pines and the reference species, 35 candidate genes for altitude-dependent selection were identified, including such encoding proteins responsible for photosynthesis, photorespiration and cell redox homeostasis, regulation of transcription, and mRNA processing. In comparison between two mountain pines, 75 outlier SNPs were found in proteins involved mainly in the gene expression and metabolism.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073477
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Biodiversity (Science Area 2017-)
ISSN:	1422-0067
Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:	Open Access paper - full text available via Official URL link.
Additional Keywords:	candidate genes, high-altitude adaptations, mountain pines, outlier loci, Pinus, SNP genotyping array
NORA Subject Terms:	Biology and Microbiology
Date made live:	06 Apr 2021 14:12 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/530006

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073477

UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:

Biodiversity (Science Area 2017-)

ISSN:

1422-0067

Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:

Open Access paper - full text available via Official URL link.

Additional Keywords:

candidate genes, high-altitude adaptations, mountain pines, outlier loci, Pinus, SNP genotyping array