Temperate infection in a virus–host system previously known for virulent dynamics

Knowles, Ben; Bonachela, Juan A.; Behrenfeld, Michael J.; Bondoc, Karen G.; Cael, B.B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1317-5718; Carlson, Craig A.; Cieslik, Nick; Diaz, Ben; Fuchs, Heidi L.; Graff, Jason R.; Grasis, Juris A.; Halsey, Kimberly H.; Haramaty, Liti; Johns, Christopher T.; Natale, Frank; Nissimov, Jozef I.; Schieler, Brittany; Thamatrakoln, Kimberlee; Frede Thingstad, T.; Våge, Selina; Watkins, Cliff; Westberry, Toby K.; Bidle, Kay D.. 2020 Temperate infection in a virus–host system previously known for virulent dynamics. Nature Communications, 11 (1), 4626. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18078-4

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18078-4

Abstract/Summary

The blooming cosmopolitan coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi and its viruses (EhVs) are a model for density-dependent virulent dynamics. EhVs commonly exhibit rapid viral reproduction and drive host death in high-density laboratory cultures and mesocosms that simulate blooms. Here we show that this system exhibits physiology-dependent temperate dynamics at environmentally relevant E. huxleyi host densities rather than virulent dynamics, with viruses switching from a long-term non-lethal temperate phase in healthy hosts to a lethal lytic stage as host cells become physiologically stressed. Using this system as a model for temperate infection dynamics, we present a template to diagnose temperate infection in other virus–host systems by integrating experimental, theoretical, and environmental approaches. Finding temperate dynamics in such an established virulent host–virus model system indicates that temperateness may be more pervasive than previously considered, and that the role of viruses in bloom formation and decline may be governed by host physiology rather than by host–virus densities.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18078-4
ISSN:	2041-1723
Date made live:	14 Oct 2020 12:41 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/528717

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18078-4

ISSN:

2041-1723

Date made live:

14 Oct 2020 12:41 +0 (UTC)

URI:

https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/528717