Machine learning and artificial intelligence to aid climate change research and preparedness

Huntingford, Chris ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5941-7770; Jeffers, Elizabeth S.; Bonsall, Michael B.; Christensen, Hannah M.; Lees, Thomas; Yang, Hui. 2019 Machine learning and artificial intelligence to aid climate change research and preparedness. Environmental Research Letters, 14 (12), 124007. 14, pp. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab4e55

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Abstract/Summary

Climate change challenges societal functioning, likely requiring considerable adaptation to cope with future altered weather patterns. Machine learning (ML) algorithms have advanced dramatically, triggering breakthroughs in other research sectors, and recently suggested as aiding climate analysis (Reichstein et al 2019 Nature 566 195–204, Schneider et al 2017 Geophys. Res. Lett. 44 12396–417). Although a considerable number of isolated Earth System features have been analysed with ML techniques, more generic application to understand better the full climate system has not occurred. For instance, ML may aid teleconnection identification, where complex feedbacks make characterisation difficult from direct equation analysis or visualisation of measurements and Earth System model (ESM) diagnostics. Artificial intelligence (AI) can then build on discovered climate connections to provide enhanced warnings of approaching weather features, including extreme events. While ESM development is of paramount importance, we suggest a parallel emphasis on utilising ML and AI to understand and capitalise far more on existing data and simulations.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab4e55
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Hydro-climate Risks (Science Area 2017-)
ISSN:	1748-9326
Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:	Open Access paper - full text available via Official URL link.
Additional Keywords:	climate change, global warming, extreme weather, drought, artificial intelligence, machine learning, climate simulations
NORA Subject Terms:	Meteorology and Climatology Computer Science
Date made live:	29 Nov 2019 12:05 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/526080

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