An assessment of the state of nature in the United Kingdom: a review of findings, methods and impact

Burns, F.; Eaton, M.A.; Hayhow, D.B.; Outhwaite, C.L.; Al Fulaij, N.; August, T.A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1116-3385; Boughey, K.L.; Brereton, T.; Brown, A.; Bullock, D.J.; Gent, T.; Haysom, K.A.; Isaac, N.J.B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4869-8052; Johns, D.G.; Macadam, C.R.; Mathews, F.; Noble, D.G.; Powney, G.D.; Sims, D.W.; Smart, S.M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2750-7832; Stroh, P.; Walker, K.J.; Webb, J.R.; Webb, T.J.; Gregory, R.D.. 2018 An assessment of the state of nature in the United Kingdom: a review of findings, methods and impact. Ecological Indicators, 94 (1). 226-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.06.033

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.06.033

Abstract/Summary

Clear, accessible, objective metrics of species status are critical to communicate the state of biodiversity and to measure progress towards biodiversity targets. However, the population data underpinning current species status metrics is often highly skewed towards particular taxonomic groups such as birds, butterflies and mammals, primarily due to the restricted availability of high quality population data. A synoptic overview of the state of biodiversity requires sampling from a broader range of taxonomic groups. Incorporating data from a wide range of monitoring and analysis methods and considering more than one measure of species status are possible ways to achieve this. Here, we utilise measures of species’ population change and extinction risk to develop three species status metrics, a Categorical Change metric, a Species Index and a Red List metric, and populate them with a wide range of data sources from the UK, covering thousands of species from across taxonomy. The species status metrics reiterate the commonly reported decline in freshwater and terrestrial species’ status in the UK in recent decades and give little evidence that this rate of decline has slowed. The utility of species status metrics is further improved if we can extrapolate beyond the species sampled to infer the status of the community. For the freshwater and terrestrial species status metrics presented here we can do this with some confidence. Nevertheless, despite the range and number of species contributing to the species metrics, significant taxonomic bias remained and we report weighting options that could help control for this. The three metrics developed were used in the State of Nature 2016 report and indications are they reached a large number of audience members. We suggest options to improve the design and communication of these and similar metrics in the future.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.06.033
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Biodiversity (Science Area 2017-) Soils and Land Use (Science Area 2017-)
ISSN:	1470-160X
Additional Keywords:	metric, indicator, index, biodiversity, species, Great Britain
NORA Subject Terms:	Ecology and Environment
Date made live:	23 Jul 2018 12:51 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/520576

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.06.033

UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:

Biodiversity (Science Area 2017-)
Soils and Land Use (Science Area 2017-)

ISSN:

1470-160X

Additional Keywords:

metric, indicator, index, biodiversity, species, Great Britain

NORA Subject Terms:

Ecology and Environment