Predators and parasitoids of the harlequin ladybird, Harmonia axyridis, in its native range and invaded areas

Ceryngier, Piotr; Nedvěd, Oldřich; Grez, Audrey A.; Riddick, Eric W.; Roy, Helen E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6050-679X; San Martin, Gilles; Steenberg, Tove; Veselý, Petr; Zaviezo, Tania; Zúñiga-Reinoso, Álvaro; Haelewaters, Danny. 2018 Predators and parasitoids of the harlequin ladybird, Harmonia axyridis, in its native range and invaded areas. Biological Invasions, 20 (4). 1009-1031. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-017-1608-9

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-017-1608-9

Abstract/Summary

The harlequin ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) has rapidly spread in several continents over the past 30 years and is considered an invasive alien species. The success of H. axyridis as an invader is often attributed to weak control by natural enemies. In this paper, we provide an overview of current knowledge on predators and parasitoids of H. axyridis. The common feature of predators and parasitoids is that they directly kill exploited organisms. Currently available data show that H. axyridis, displaying a variety of chemical, mechanical, and microbiological anti-predator defenses, is usually avoided by predators. However, some birds and invertebrates can eat this ladybird without harmful consequences. The primary defenses of H. axyridis against parasitoids include immune response and physiological and nutritional unsuitability for parasitoid development. These defenses are probably relatively efficient against most ladybird parasitoids, but not against flies of the genus Phalacrotophora. The latter are idiobiont parasitoids and hence can evade the host’s immune response. Indeed, rates of parasitism of H. axyridis by Phalacrotophora in the Palaearctic region (both in the native range in Asia and in Europe) are relatively high. While strong evidence for enemy release on the invasive populations of H. axyridis is lacking, several cases of parasitoid acquisition have been recorded in Europe, North America, and South America. We conclude that enemy release cannot be excluded as a possible mechanism contributing to the spread and increase of H. axyridis in the early stages of invasion, but adaptation of parasitoids may lead to novel associations which might offset previous effects of enemy release. However, further work is required to elucidate the population-level effects of such interactions.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-017-1608-9
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Biodiversity (Science Area 2017-)
ISSN:	1387-3547
Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:	Open Access paper - full text available via Official URL link.
Additional Keywords:	biocontrol, Coccinellidae, enemy acquisition, enemy release, natural enemies
NORA Subject Terms:	Ecology and Environment
Date made live:	30 Nov 2017 10:23 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/518539

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-017-1608-9

UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:

Biodiversity (Science Area 2017-)

ISSN:

1387-3547

Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:

Open Access paper - full text available via Official URL link.

Additional Keywords:

biocontrol, Coccinellidae, enemy acquisition, enemy release, natural enemies