Incorporating transparency into the governance of deep-seabed mining in the Area beyond national jurisdiction

Ardron, Jeff A.; Ruhl, Henry A.; Jones, Daniel O.B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5218-1649. 2018 Incorporating transparency into the governance of deep-seabed mining in the Area beyond national jurisdiction. Marine Policy, 89. 58-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2017.11.021

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© 2017 Elsevier B.V. This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Marine Policy. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version will be published in Marine Policy.
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Abstract/Summary

In the governance of natural resources, transparency has been linked to improved accountability, as well as enforceability, compliance, sustainability, and ultimately more equitable outcomes. Here, good practices in transparency relevant to the emerging governance of deep-seabed mining in the Area beyond national jurisdiction are identified and compared with current practices of the International Seabed Authority (ISA). The analysis found six areas of good transparency practice that could improve the accountability of deep-seabed mining: i) access to information; ii) reporting; iii) quality assurance; iv) compliance information / accreditation; v) public participation; and vi) ability to review / appeal decisions. The ISA has in some instances adopted progressive practices regarding its rules, regulations, and procedures (e.g. including the precautionary approach). However, the results here show that overall the ISA will need to consider improvements in each of the six categories above, in order to reflect contemporary best transparency practices, as well as meeting historical expectations embodied in the principle of the ‘common heritage of mankind’. This would involve a revision of its rules and procedures. The ongoing review and drafting of the ISA’s deep-seabed mining exploitation regulations offers a once-in-a-generation opportunity to improve upon the current situation. Findings from this analysis are summarised in 18 recommendations, including publication of annual reports submitted by contractors, publication of annual financial statements, development of a transparency policy, compliance reporting, and dedicated access to Committee meetings.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2017.11.021
ISSN:	0308-597X
Date made live:	28 Nov 2017 14:03 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/518520

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2017.11.021

ISSN:

0308-597X

Date made live:

28 Nov 2017 14:03 +0 (UTC)

URI:

https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/518520