Rapid onset of mafic magmatism facilitated by volcanic edifice collapse

Cassidy, M.; Watt, S.F.L.; Talling, P.J.; Palmer, M.R.; Edmonds, M.; Jutzeler, M.; Wall-Palmer, D.; Manga, M.; Coussens, M.; Gernon, T.; Taylor, R.N.; Michalik, A.; Inglis, E.; Breitkreuz, C.; Le Friant, A.; Ishizuka, O.; Boudon, G.; McCanta, M. C.; Adachi, T.; Hornbach, M. J.; Colas, S. L.; Endo, D.; Fujinawa, A.; Kataoka, K. S.; Maeno, F.; Tamura, Y.; Wang, F.. 2015 Rapid onset of mafic magmatism facilitated by volcanic edifice collapse. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (12). 4778-4785. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064519

Before downloading, please read NORA policies.

Preview

Text (Open Access paper)
grl53025.pdf - Published Version
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.
Download (785kB) | Preview

Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064519

Abstract/Summary

Volcanic edifice collapses generate some of Earth's largest landslides. How such unloading affects the magma storage systems is important for both hazard assessment and for determining long-term controls on volcano growth and decay. Here we present a detailed stratigraphic and petrological analyses of volcanic landslide and eruption deposits offshore Montserrat, in a subduction zone setting, sampled during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 340. A large (6–10 km3) collapse of the Soufrière Hills Volcano at ~130 ka was followed by explosive basaltic volcanism and the formation of a new basaltic volcanic center, the South Soufrière Hills, estimated to have initiated <100 years after collapse. This basaltic volcanism was a sharp departure from the andesitic volcanism that characterized Soufrière Hills' activity before the collapse. Mineral-melt thermobarometry demonstrates that the basaltic magma's transit through the crust was rapid and from midcrustal depths. We suggest that this rapid ascent was promoted by unloading following collapse.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064519
ISSN:	00948276
Additional Keywords:	sector collapse; clinopyroxene; petrology; magma ascent
NORA Subject Terms:	Earth Sciences
Date made live:	18 Jun 2015 08:43 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/511078

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064519

ISSN:

00948276

Additional Keywords:

sector collapse; clinopyroxene; petrology; magma ascent

NORA Subject Terms:

Earth Sciences

Date made live:

18 Jun 2015 08:43 +0 (UTC)