Freshwater diatom biogeography and the genus Luticola: an extreme case of endemism in Antarctica

Kociolek, J.P.; Kopalová, K.; Hamsher, S.E.; Kohler, T.J.; Van de Vijver, B.; Convey, P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8497-9903; McKnight, D.M.. 2017 Freshwater diatom biogeography and the genus Luticola: an extreme case of endemism in Antarctica. Polar Biology, 40 (6). 1185-1196. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-017-2090-7

Before downloading, please read NORA policies.

Preview

Text
This article has been accepted for publication and will be published by Springer in Polar Biology. The final publication is available at link.springer.com. Copyright Springer.
Freshwater diatom biogeography and the genus Luticola AAM.pdf
Download (5MB) | Preview

Official URL: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00300-01...

Abstract/Summary

Historical views have characterized Antarctica as a frozen desert with low diversity, although recent studies suggest that this may not be true for microscopic organisms. For microbes, assessing endemism in the Antarctic region has been particularly important, especially against a backdrop of debate regarding their presumed cosmopolitan nature. To contribute to this conversation, we highlight the observed endemism of the freshwater diatom genus Luticola in Antarctica by synthesizing the results of a modern high-resolution taxonomy from the Continental, Maritime, and sub-Antarctic regions. We report that Luticola has one of the highest endemic rates of any diatom genus in Antarctica, in terms of total number of species (taxon endemism) and percentage of the entire genus (phylogenetic endemism). Of the over 200 species of Luticola globally, nearly 20% (43) occur in the Antarctic, with 42 of these being endemic. Within regions, Maritime Antarctica has the largest number of Luticola species and endemics (28 and 23, respectively), followed by Continental Antarctica (14, 9) and sub-Antarctic islands (8, 6). Thus, 38 of the 42 endemics are found in a single region only. While the timing of Luticola diversification has not been established, fossil evidence suggests recent invasions and/or diversification over a relatively short geologic timescale. Understanding the origin and evolution of endemic diatom species in Antarctica will help us better understand microbial biogeography, as well as assess and interpret impacts of large-scale environmental change taking place at southern latitudes.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-017-2090-7
Programmes:	BAS Programmes > BAS Programmes 2015 > Biodiversity, Evolution and Adaptation
ISSN:	0722-4060
Additional Keywords:	Dry Valleys, Bacillariophyta, sub-Antarctic islands, cryosphere, ubiquity hypothesis, James Ross Island
Date made live:	13 Mar 2017 09:30 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/510931

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-017-2090-7

Programmes:

BAS Programmes > BAS Programmes 2015 > Biodiversity, Evolution and Adaptation

ISSN:

0722-4060

Additional Keywords:

Dry Valleys, Bacillariophyta, sub-Antarctic islands, cryosphere, ubiquity hypothesis, James Ross Island

Date made live:

13 Mar 2017 09:30 +0 (UTC)