Scaling up experimental ocean acidification and warming research: from individuals to the ecosystem

Queirós, Ana M.; Fernandes, José A.; Faulwetter, Sarah; Nunes, Joana; Rastrick, Samuel P. S.; Mieszkowska, Nova; Artioli, Yuri; Yool, Andrew ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9879-2776; Calosi, Piero; Arvanitidis, Christos; Findlay, Helen S.; Barange, Manuel; Cheung, William W. L.; Widdicombe, Stephen. 2015 Scaling up experimental ocean acidification and warming research: from individuals to the ecosystem. Global Change Biology, 21 (1). 130-143. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12675

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Text © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. This is the peer reviewed version of the article which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1111/gcb.12675. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance With Wiley Terms and Conditions for self-archiving. The definitive version is available at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com Queiros_etal_final.pdf - Accepted Version Download (784kB) | Preview

Abstract/Summary

Understanding long-term, ecosystem-level impacts of climate change is challenging because experimental research frequently focuses on short-term, individual-level impacts in isolation. We address this shortcoming first through an interdisciplinary ensemble of novel experimental techniques to investigate the impacts of 14-month exposure to ocean acidification and warming (OAW) on the physiology, activity, predatory behaviour and susceptibility to predation of an important marine gastropod (Nucella lapillus). We simultaneously estimated the potential impacts of these global drivers on N. lapillus population dynamics and dispersal parameters. We then used these data to parameterize a dynamic bioclimatic envelope model, to investigate the consequences of OAW on the distribution of the species in the wider NE Atlantic region by 2100. The model accounts also for changes in the distribution of resources, suitable habitat and environment simulated by finely resolved biogeochemical models, under three IPCC global emissions scenarios. The experiments showed that temperature had the greatest impact on individual-level responses, while acidification had a similarly important role in the mediation of predatory behaviour and susceptibility to predators. Changes in Nucella predatory behaviour appeared to serve as a strategy to mitigate individual-level impacts of acidification, but the development of this response may be limited in the presence of predators. The model projected significant large-scale changes in the distribution of Nucella by the year 2100 that were exacerbated by rising greenhouse gas emissions. These changes were spatially heterogeneous, as the degree of impact of OAW on the combination of responses considered by the model varied depending on local-environmental conditions and resource availability. Such changes in macro-scale distributions cannot be predicted by investigating individual-level impacts in isolation, or by considering climate stressors separately. Scaling up the results of experimental climate change research requires approaches that account for long-term, multiscale responses to multiple stressors, in an ecosystem context.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12675
ISSN:	13541013
Additional Keywords:	climate change; dynamic bioclimatic envelope model; IPCC ; mesocosm; ocean acidification; tomography; trophic interaction; warming
Date made live:	19 Aug 2014 10:02 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/508126

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